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		</div><p>President Donald Trump has signed executive actions to jump-start construction of a US-Mexico border wall and block federal grants from immigrant-protecting &#8220;sanctuary cities&#8221;.</p>
<p><i>&#8220;We’ve been talking about this right from the beginning,&#8221;</i> Mr Trump said during a brief signing ceremony at the Department of Homeland Security.</p>
<p>As of Wednesday afternoon, the White House had not circulated copies of the documents or briefed reporters on the details, as has been typical practice in past administrations.</p>
<p>However, Mr Trump cast his actions as fulfilment of his campaign pledge to enact hard-line immigration measures, including construction of a wall paid for by Mexico.</p>
<p>US taxpayers are expected to pay for the upfront costs, although Mr Trump continues to assert that Mexico will reimburse the money through unspecified means.</p>
<p>In an interview with ABC News earlier on Wednesday, Mr Trump said: <i>&#8220;There will be a payment; it will be in a form, perhaps a complicated form.&#8221;</i></p>
<p>While Mr Trump has repeatedly said the border structure will be a wall, his spokesman Sean Spicer said more generally on Wednesday that the president was ordering construction of a &#8220;large physical barrier&#8221;.</p>
<p>Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto, who has insisted his country will not pay for a wall, is to meet with Mr Trump at the White House next week.</p>
<p>The orders Mr Trump signed on Wednesday also increase the number of border patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents to be hired, and the president ordered the end of what Republicans have labelled a catch-and-release system at the border.</p>
<p>Currently, some immigrants caught crossing the border illegally are released and given notices to report back to immigration officials at a later date. Later in the week, Mr Trump is expected to sign orders restricting the flow of refugees into the United States.</p>
<p>His current proposal includes at least a four-month halt on all refugee admissions, as well as a temporary ban on people coming from some Muslim-majority countries, according to a source from a public policy organisation that monitors refugee issues.</p>
<p>Mr Trump campaigned on pledges to tighten US immigration policies, including strengthening border security and stemming the flow of refugees.</p>
<p>His call for a border wall was among his most popular proposals with supporters, who often broke out in chants of &#8220;build that wall&#8221; during rallies.</p>
<p>In response to terrorism concerns, Mr Trump controversially called for halting entry to the US from Muslim countries.</p>
<p>He later turned to a focus on &#8220;extreme vetting&#8221; for those coming from countries with terrorism ties.</p>
<p><a href="http://londonglossy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/DonaldTrumpAmericanFlag_large.jpg"><img src="http://londonglossy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/DonaldTrumpAmericanFlag_large.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="325" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-104803" /></a></p>
<p>To build the wall, the president may rely on a 2006 law that authorised several hundred miles of fencing along the 2,000-mile frontier.</p>
<p>That bill led to the construction of about 700 miles of various kinds of fencing designed to block both vehicles and pedestrians.</p>
<p>The Secure Fence Act was signed by then-president George W Bush, and the majority of that fencing in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and California was built before he left office.</p>
<p>The last remnants were completed after President Barack Obama took office in 2009.</p>
<p>The Trump administration also must adhere to a decades-old border treaty with Mexico that limits where and how structures can be built.</p>
<p>The 1970 treaty requires that structures cannot disrupt the flow of the rivers, which define the US-Mexico border along Texas and 24 miles in Arizona, according to The International Boundary and Water Commission, a joint US-Mexican agency that administers the treaty.</p>
<p>Mr Trump’s order to crack down on sanctuary cities &#8211; locales that do not co-operate with immigration authorities &#8211; could cost individual jurisdictions millions of dollars.</p>
<p>However, the administration may face legal challenges, given that some federal courts have found that local jurisdictions cannot hold immigrants beyond their jail term or deny them bond based only a request from immigration authorities.</p>
<p>It appeared as though the refugee restrictions were still being finalised.</p>
<p>The person briefed on the proposals said they included a ban on entry to the US for at least 30 days from countries including Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen, though the person cautioned the details could still change.</p>
<p>There is also likely to be an exception for those fleeing religious persecution if their religion is a minority in their country. That exception could cover Christians fleeing Muslim-majority nations.</p>
<p>As president, Mr Trump can use an executive order to halt refugee processing.</p>
<p>Mr Bush used that same power in the immediate aftermath of the September 11 attacks.</p>
<p>Refugee security vetting was reviewed and the process was restarted several months later.</p>
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