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		</div><p>A new type of drug could revolutionise the treatment of therapy-resistant prostate cancer, early research suggests. The “cyclic peptoid” molecules block the action of genes that drive prostate cancer growth.</p>
<p>Importantly, they do not target the hormone signalling pathways that are central to standard therapies. Hormone treatments for prostate cancer have life-changing side effects including loss of sex drive, muscle weakness, brittle bones and abnormal breast growth.</p>
<p>Currently, when these drugs stop working the only other option is chemotherapy. This can have even worse side effects including immune system suppression, anaemia, and the risk of brain bleeds.</p>
<p>In laboratory tests, cyclic peptoids reduced the growth of prostate cancer cells by up to 95%. Animal studies showed how they blocked a key cancer-driving growth signal. Senior researcher Professor Kent Kirshenbaum, from New York University, said:</p>
<p>“We designed our peptoids specifically to hit targets that are currently ‘undruggable’, such as those causing treatment-resistant prostate cancer.”</p>
<p>The compounds interfere with the interaction between beta catenbin protein and T-Cell Factor (TCF) transcription factors. These are proteins that turn on genes and cause cells to multiply.</p>
<p>The gene activity involved is critical to the early development of prostate tissue, but is normally dialled-down in adulthood. Changes that re-activate the genes can lead to cancer.</p>
<p>The drugs showed no evidence of toxicity when given to zebrafish at a dose relatively equivalent to what would be used in humans. Next the peptoids will be tested on human prostate tumours grown in mice.</p>
<p>Each year, around 47,000 UK men are diagnosed with prostate cancer and more than 11,000 die from the disease. The research is published in the journal Nature Communications.</p>
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