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		</div><p>United Nations secretary general Ban Ki-moon has offered a grim assessment of prospects for defusing the latest wave of violence between Israel and the Palestinians.</p>
<p>Britain&#8217;s ambassador to the world body Matthew Rycroft said UN Security Council members were &#8220;struck by the pessimistic tone&#8221; Mr Ban took during the closed video briefing.</p>
<p>Mr Ban spoke to council members after meeting Israeli and Palestinian leaders during a surprise trip to the Middle East.</p>
<p>Mr Rycroft said Mr Ban &#8220;thought there was a very wide gap&#8221; between the two sides &#8220;both on the short term, on how to de-escalate, and on the longer term to go back to a genuine political process leading to a two-state solution&#8221;.</p>
<p>The UN chief told the council that &#8220;all of those with influence need to use it to de-escalate the situation&#8221;, Mr Rycroft said.</p>
<p>The unrest began last month after clashes erupted at Jerusalem&#8217;s holiest site, a hilltop Old City compound revered by Jews and Muslims.</p>
<p>Mr Rycroft said it was &#8220;very important that the whole international community including the security council use whatever is in our power to halt the escalation of violence&#8221;.</p>
<p>But he expected no concrete action to emerge from a security council ministerial meeting on the Middle East planned for Thursday, though he added: &#8220;We continue to live and hope.&#8221;</p>
<p>Mr Ban&#8217;s briefing coincided with his decision to send the council a 42-page document on UN historical precedents for &#8220;the protection&#8221; of people.</p>
<p>It was prepared by the UN Secretariat in response to a letter on July 21, 2014 from Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas requesting that &#8220;the territory of the state of Palestine be placed under an international protection system by the United Nations&#8221;, with the central aim of &#8220;ensuring the protection of the Palestinian people&#8221;.</p>
<p>The Palestinians have been pressing for the report to be sent to the security council. In a letter, Mr Ban said he decided to share the report with the council in response to inquiries and &#8220;the interest that has been generated&#8221;.</p>
<p>Mr Ban said the report &#8220;does not propose any particular system or systems of protection for the occupied Palestinian territory, nor is it in any sense an options paper&#8221;. He said it was a summary of a number of historical precedents compiled to assist any future work in the UN Secretariat.</p>
<p>The document includes 17 different cases &#8211; in Europe, Latin America and the Middle East.</p>
<p>It starts with a League of Nations mandate over the Saar Basin after the First World War, includes the 1994 agreement on protecting civilians in Hebron after 29 Muslim worshippers were massacred by a Jewish settler, and UN missions in Bosnia, Kosovo and East Timor.</p>
<p>Earlier at the United Nations, Palestinian ambassador Riyad Mansour called his Israeli counterpart a liar for claiming that Palestinian schoolchildren were taught how to stab Jews and said he would welcome an international review of Palestinian school curricula to disprove the allegation.</p>
<p>Mr Mansour was responding to comments made last week by Israeli ambassador Danny Danon, who held up a diagram of a human torso with knives pointed at various body parts beneath the caption &#8220;How to stab a Jew&#8221;. He claimed the image was used to teach in Palestinian schools.Mr Mansour described those comments as &#8220;completely and utterly false&#8221; in a letter to the security council president and Mr Ban.</p>
<p>At a news conference, he said the Palestinians would welcome allowing &#8220;Unesco or the EU to evaluate our curriculum&#8221; and disprove Mr Danon&#8217;s claims.</p>
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